30 Kasım 2020
30 November 2020
"19. The role played by the island of CYPRUS during the Armenian events that emerged towards the end of the century, and the fact that the island was under the British administration in this period made the subject both attractive and interesting. CYPRUS was used as a KARAGÂH by the Armenians during the Armenian events that occurred in other Ottoman lands, especially in ANATOLIA. The use of CYPRUS by the Armenian committees for this purpose has led to a security concern in the region. The dispatch of weapons and ammunition from CYPRUS to the coasts of ANATOLIA and SYRIA, and the illegal arrival of the insurgent Armenians to Cyprus caused this concern to increase. " "CYPRUS plays an indispensable key role in the MEDITERRANEAN due to the control of both the inland sea and the close continental regions." “Because Colonel Robert Home, who was sent to ISTANBUL in October 1876 by the British Government to examine the strategic regions in the MEDITERRANEAN and submit a report to the government, in his report dated 08.06.1878, which he prepared as a result of his research:“ Whoever holds CYPRUS, ISKENDERUN ' U also keeps, in short, CYPRUS gives ISKENDERUN "and he came to a conclusion." "Especially when the Liberal Party led by William Ewart Gladstone came to power on April 23, 1880, this policy change was clearly visible." "The second example of the new policy that the UK was put into practice after the BERLIN Congress is the policy it followed against the ARMENIAN EVENTS that emerged in the OTTOMAN lands. Especially when Gladstone came to power in 1880, ENGLAND started to give more weight to the ARMENIAN PROBLEM. We see that the ARMENIAN ISSUE appeared in the political arena with the 16th article of the Treaty of AYASTEFANOS, signed on March 3, 1878. William Ewart Gladstone (1809-1898) adopted an anti-Islamic and anti-Turkish policy in his nearly 60 years of political life. While he was taking a stance against the OTTOMAN State when he was in power, during the periods when he was in opposition, he did intense propaganda activities in order to create an anti-OTTOMAN public opinion in Europe. Especially thanks to his propaganda work "Bulgarian Horrors and the Question of the East" he wrote in 1876, he created a public opinion against the OTTOMAN in EUROPE with false and false information. He is anti-Islamic enough to say, "Peace will not come to Europe unless the Holy Quran is destroyed." The AYASTEFANOS Treaty's change of the balance of power in EUROPE in favor of RUSSIA caused this agreement to be revised with the BERLIN Treaty at the initiative of the UK. The Armenians, who do not want to lose their AYASTEFANOS gains in BERLIN, sent a delegation to Berlin under the presidency of the former Armenian Patriarch of ISTANBUL and the Bishop of Beşiktaş, HRIMYAN. Although the Armenian delegation headed by HRIMYAN was not admitted to the building where the congress was held, AYASTEFANOS managed to put its achievements in Article 61 of the BERLIN Treaty. With the Treaty of BERLIN, signed on 13 July 1878, the Armenians obtained an international assurance that the reforms were made directly against them. Before the BERLIN Congress, while the UK took Cyprus under its own administration, albeit temporarily, with the Cyprus Treaty of June 4, 1878, on the other hand, the Sultan was able to take the promise of reform for the Christian subjects living in his country. This time, with the participation of the other members of the Great Muazzama, the place where judicial, administrative and financial reforms based on the equality of Muslim and non-Muslim were desired was not only the lands of the Sultan in EUROPE, but also the ANATOLIAN lands, and the Armenians were at the head of the supported group. . In the process that started with the CYPRUS Treaty of 4 June 1878 and ended with the Treaty of 13 July 1878, the UK took over an important Place d'Armes in the MEDITERRANEAN for the security of the INDIA road, as well as protecting its commercial interests in ANATOLIA and Russia. He was taking advantage of the Armenians, who were the nation-i loyalists of the OTTOMAN State, which became a subject of international politics with the Treaties of AYASTEFANOS and BERLIN in order to create a buffer against him.
The cessation of Cyprus Island to the UK for security reasons put the OTTOMAN State in a difficult position in two respects. The first of these is that the great powers, especially the UK, in the CYPRUS Treaty: “The Sultan promises to the UK that this region will be reformed for the protection of his Christian subjects and other people in Anatolia”, constantly referring to the article, during the ARMENIAN EVENTS. It is because they applied an intense diplomatic pressure against the Ottoman State. The second is that, under the British administration, the island acts as a base that provides logistical support to the ARMENIAN INCIDENTS in ANATOLIA. " "The cessation of CYPRUS to the UK for security reasons has brought another security problem. This situation caused the Babıâli to spend a lot of time against the dangers that may come from CYPRUS. " The fact that the UK became more interested in the BERLIN and CYPRUS Treaties and the Armenians created a pleasing position for the Armenians, while the BRITISH-TURKISH alliance, which emerged against RUSSIA with the Treaty of CYPRUS, worried the Armenians just as much. After the BERLIN Congress, when an ARMENIAN delegation asked the RUSSIAN CAVI to help them for reform, ÇAR said: “Your affairs do not concern me. The UK has taken on protecting your interests. Apply to the British government ”. The action of FRANCE with RUSSIA and the abstention of GERMANY and AUSTRIA on reforms on the other hand obliged the Armenians to the UK on reforms. " “As a result of the Armenians putting pressure on the UK government through Gladstone, which was hostile to the Ottoman State, and constantly pressuring the UK to fulfill its obligations in the Treaties of BERLIN and CYPRUS, the UK increased its pressure on the Ottoman State through these treaties. deemed it his duty to interfere in the internal affairs of the Babıâli. The most concrete example of this was the British Ambassador Sir Philip Currie and SULTAN II. It reveals the meeting that took place between ABDÜLHAMİD. Ambassador Currie said: "As you know, some regulations regarding the Armenians are required by the provisions of the BERLIN Congress and the CYPRUS Convention. Despite this, I express that nothing has been done by the OTTOMAN State so far, and the British State has not fulfilled the work it promised to do and therefore has been in a difficult situation. " In response to the words of SULTAN II. ABDÜLHAMİD: "In fact, there is a reform of ANATOLIA in the BERLIN Treaty, but the establishment of an ARMENIA is not mentioned. Similar practices are included in the CYPRUS Convention, but the issue of not violating my rights is also clearly stated. As agreed with the UK ambassador, this contract is in the interest of both states. There was no need to choose such a sacrifice, since leaving such a large island to the UK would never be in our best interest if it was for the purpose of "establishing a government within the government" and on the contrary, it would violate the law of the state. This would mean that we gave a large piece of land such as CYPRUS Island, which is of obvious military and strategic importance, for the establishment of an ARMENIA. What is the necessity of sacrificing about taking a measure contrary to the law and interest of our state? " gave the answer. Following the reply of SULTAN ABDULHAMID, Ambassador Currie said: "I ask you to: The British State does not want an independent ARMENIA, an autonomous province or a nation with a different privilege in ANATOLIA, it just wants reforms." PADİŞAH said: “The thing called reform is done to ensure the survival and strengthening of a state. Otherwise, it is not appropriate to call it reform if it will cause it to disappear. My supreme state wants to make reforms in a manner that includes all subjects, benefits everyone, and the people are not distinguished from each other. Otherwise, if there is a separate form of government in each part of a state, how can that state survive? Shouldn't the law cover everyone? The insistence of the British State on this issue and the pressure on the OTTOMAN State shows that the UK intends to take the Ottoman State under its protection. "
“Cyprus Island, under the British administration, has gained a quality that can provide logistical support to the Armenians due to its geographical location and its new political administration. When we look at the history of CYPRUS, we see that the Armenians have always existed on the island. Armenians were also among the actors of the continuous migration phenomenon between the southern coasts of Anatolia and CYPRUS. During the Middle Ages, the relations of the Armenians with the Crusader Kingdom of CYPRUS generally progressed in a positive way, but the Armenians could never create a serious population in CYPRUS. " "The main reason why CYPRUS became a refuge and a base where arms shipments were made during the Armenian incidents is that the island was in the hands of the UK. As a matter of fact, we understand from the information given above that there is no Armenian population strong enough to protect the rebellious Armenians in CYPRUS without such support from the UK. Moreover, since CYPRUS TURKS have the power to prevent such an organization on the island, we see the direct support of the ENGLISH to the Armenians at this point. The southern coasts of ANATOLIA have become insecure, with the conquest of CYPRUS by the UK on the one hand, and the Armenian revolts that broke out one after the other in ANATOLIA and some of those who escaped from these revolts settled in CYPRUS. With the expansion of the impact and volume of the rebellions, the island of CYPRUS has become one of the important centers that hosted the Armenian committees. "Although we cannot determine its exact date, we can say that an ARMENIAN committee [LONDON Armenian Patriarch Committee] was formed in Cyprus before 15 March 1888. After this date, associations, committees and societies for the Armenians were established in CYPRUS. For example, at the conference held in Cardiff [UK] for the benefit of the Armenians on September 22, 1898, it was stated that the central committee of the Armenian Revenge Society was established on the island of CYPRUS and that the Armenians would deal with agriculture, trade and handicrafts there. On the other hand, a brochure was prepared to be distributed during the conference, giving detailed information about the various associations established for the benefit of the Armenians, their activities and the aid they collected. From this brochure in CYPRUS; We learn that organizations under the name of Armenian Refugees Fund, Cyprus Relief Fund and Eastern and Collonial Association have been established. It is worth mentioning here that both the Armenian Conqueror's Society and the other aforementioned committees are at the same time a Protestant missionary movement. CYPRUS, under the administration of the UK, was used by the Armenians for all kinds of purposes. " “In a letter sent by the Joint Secretariat of the LONDON and MARSILIA ARMENIAN Committee to the Archbishop of ADANA on 9 August 1892,“… You know what the revolution will be like. First, by cutting telegraph wires and stopping its personnel, burning public buildings, killing high-ranking officials, attacking and looting the state treasury and wherever money is available, seizing weapons stores, attacking prisons and releasing prisoners, and finally, through the BRITISH Committee in CYPRUS, The role of the committee in CYPRUS in the event of a possible revolt is set forth by sending a telegram. After an ARMENIAN committee was established in CYPRUS, the island turned into a center frequented by the Armenians; Many Armenians from places such as ALEPPO, DİYARBAKIR, BİTLİS, HAKKÂRİ, HARPUT, MARAŞ, ADANA, SYRIA, BEYRUT and VAN secretly fled to CYPRUS after their incidents in ANATOLIA. " Statements such as "During the ARMENIAN Events, it was understood that the Congo Steamboat belonging to the Maritimes Campaign stopped after opening six miles from ISKENDURAN, it was understood that about thirty Armenians who went with two boats were taken on the ferry and that they would go to CYPRUS" It is important in terms of showing the arrival. The Armenians who reached CYPRUS from EUROPE, AMERICA and ANATOLIA in various ways and disguised tried to go to ANATOLIA after completing their preparations. "
"After the Armenian incidents that took place in ANATOLIA DURING THE ARMENIAN EVENTS, we see that the Armenians passed heavily to CYPRUS, and from here to both the USA and Europe." "While some of the Armenians who migrated resorted to this path due to economic concerns, some of them used the island as a base for the revolution that took place in ANATOLIA, as we mentioned above. We see that some of the Armenians who came or fled from ANATOLIA to CYPRUS participated in the 1897 TURKISH-GREEK War alongside the GREEKS. Despite the fact that the Ottoman Government warned the British Government against the occurrence of such events in CYPRUS under the UK administration, it could not achieve serious results. Despite the internal and external measures taken by the OTTOMAN State to find a solution to this problem, the Armenians continued to organize on the island. As a matter of fact, in a document dated May 27, 1896, this incident was stated: "Those coming from USA DERVIS, those coming from ATHENS are VILLAGE, those coming from FRANCE are the Kurdish SHEEP, those coming from ENGLAND are THE FRIENDS. they will be dressed and they will all come together. GERMAN volunteers will join the revolution under the guise of "FELLAH". It has been reported that the customs of the Armenians who invented it are up to two thousand. " "The Armenians deployed in CYPRUS have embarked on various quests to eliminate the measures taken by the OTTOMAN Government and to continue the uninterrupted transportation of weapons and ammunition to the rebel Armenians in ANATOLIA." "However, the problem created by the Armenians through CYPRUS was not limited to the southern coasts of ANATOLIA. In terms of the security of the coastline stretching from BEYRUT to MERSIN, CYPRUS was also a danger and threat for these regions. " "ARMENIANS who came to Cyprus to escape, especially from the eastern and southern parts of ANATOLIA, used the ports of ISKENDERUN and MERSIN frequently. Due to the increased security measures in the ports, this time, the Armenians tried to go to the Island secretly from the coasts where the controls were weaker. Or they tried to reach ANATOLIA secretly from the ports and coasts of CYPRUS, which is the other side of the MEDITERRANEAN. Through archive documents, we learn that the British, FRENCH and GREEK flagged ships helped the Armenians in illegal entry and exit from both directions. " "Upon receiving the news that the Armenians would send the weapons and ammunition stored in CYPRUS to the southern coasts to use in the massacre of the Muslims in ZEYTUN, and for this purpose they were instructed to gather on the island of CYPRUS, strict security measures were taken in conditions challenging the conditions in the region." “Among these, TUZLA is an important port city where the Armenians were organized and engaged in intensive activities, and in addition to the branches of TAŞNAK and HINÇAK organizations, there was an Armenian committee established here under the name of TERVEŞAK according to a document dated 9 June 1896. For this reason, keeping these places under control depended on healthy news from these places. As a matter of fact, there were many unfounded news circulating and some of them were put forward directly by the Armenians to cause uneasiness in the region. " “They also do weapon training in the monastery near NICOSIA. Despite being informed of this situation, the local government remains silent. ENGLISH and FRENCH ARMENIANS IN TURKEY the ferry to escape from the barista are helping. The fugitives are taken to the ferries in a traditional dress [wearing sailor suit]. It has been determined that most of the Armenians who are called "massacred" in URFA or other places are in CYPRUS. " ([23])
"After the island was taken over from the Ottoman Empire by England in 1878, the Armenians who left the region with the Adana Incidents in 1909 also started to migrate to Famagusta, Larnaca and Kyrenia, and after the 40-day quarantine process, they settled in different regions. It is estimated that the Armenian population who came to the island in the period after 1909 was around 8,000. While the subsequent Armenian migration to CYPRUS was mainly with the arrivals from Çukurova during the 1915 Relocation and Settlement process, then many Armenians who evacuated the Çukurova region from Mersin to Urfa after the Ankara Agreement signed with France in 1921 also came to CYPRUS. Just in this period when the Armenian migration took place, as of 13 October 1916, Çanakkale prisoners of war, who were previously held on the island of Limni, started to be brought to the Karakol prison camp in Famagusta. Those who provided the infrastructure needs, safety and security of the camp were the Armenians in the Armenian Eastern Legion camp established by France in the Monarga region. After the beginning of the First World War, the reuse of the Armenian Eastern Legion that France established in Egypt in the island of CYPRUS and the use of the Armenians trained in the camps to slaughter the Anatolian people in Çukurova, which is called CILICIA, followed by the Armenians brought here from all over the world. It is in question that they are deployed in the port city of Egypt, Port-Said and then brought to CYPRUS. Approximately 20 kilometers east of Famagusta, with the approval of the British administration, a place where nobody lives, efficient in terms of water resources and secluded from eyes was chosen. With the Eastern Legion Instruction prepared for this camp, the population, which was 1.350, including 6 ARMENIAN Legion Division and 160 Arabs, which initially consisted of 1.200 people, approached 5000 as the Armenians were brought to the region. On the other hand, the French military personnel in the camp were tolerant and friendly to the Armenians who were studying in the camp in the first days, while these Armenians raided the village named Trikomo (Iskele), then attacked the British soldiers and killed a soldier, which also disturbed the British administration. After the Armistice of Mudros on October 30, 1918, these Armenians who were sent to the Çukurova region, brought the island of CYPRUS into an environment of complete chaos. In addition, when the Greeks threw stones at the Turkish prison camp while helping the Armenians, the British administration stated that they were the only official on the island and imposed some restrictions on the ARMENIAN camp. "On the other hand, the continued attack of the Armenians in the Armenian Eastern Legion in Famagusta, their attack on the Turkish Cypriot Turks living in the Karpaz, the stoning of the Turkish prisoners in the Çanakkale prison camp along with the Greeks also accelerate the steps towards the closure of the camp."
“After the Treaty of Lausanne”, unskilled Armenians started to settle in the places evacuated by the “Cypriot Turks”. Meanwhile, Turkey sever ties with the Turkish Cypriot community leaders and journalists from moment to moment they live on the island will continue to transmit the Ankara government. The information reflected in the Prime Ministry Republic Archives documents is enlightening about the demographic structure; "... the population of the various mainland existing in Cyprus; Greeks: 300,000, Turkish: 65,000, Armenians: 4,000. The members of the Parliament belonging to various mothers: Greek: 12, Turk: 3 There are also those who are worried about what is going on during the period when the Turkish population decreases in the island and the other minority population increases besides Greeks; “…” The government, without thinking at all about the past and future of the CYPRUS Turks, has been carrying out some actions that will make them a victim, especially in the last years. It gives way to obvious injustices and uses it like zero in many works by keeping a Turkish mass of 65,000 people lower than an Armenian mass of several thousand people living on the same island. “… The issue was not limited to this, the Armenians were also intervened and they were introduced to the places that were dismissed from the Turks ([24])
THE SHAKABILITY OF THE ARMENIAN DIASPORA continues despite the historical facts I have quoted for a long time above. Always dreaming of establishing an ARMENIAN state in Anatolia as well as in a few regions with the support they received from them as a tool of foreign powers, caused the negativities they had experienced.
How can we try to cover up the disappointing revolts of the Armenians in Eastern Anatolia and Çukurova with the help and provocations of Russia, France and England?
The strange thing is that the Armenian Diaspora has backed the imperialist powers despite their full knowledge of the events, and the Diaspora mind is still not able to comprehend how they are being used. In spite of all the facts, I do not know the LIES and JOKE OF "WE STAYED IN THE ASSEMBLY OF ESCAPING TO CYPRUS" how to believe it? Aristotle; “Don't fool yourself in vain; Didn't he say that "you are what you always do"?
[23] İsmail ŞAHİN - The Role of the Island of Cyprus During the Armenian Events (1878-1900)
[24] Ulvi KESER- Muharrem ÖZDEMİR- Minorities in Cyprus: Armenians, Marnis and Abroad
Kenan Mutlu Gurses
Cem Cüneyd Canan