31 Ocak 2021
We know that the LIES told by the Armenians, they turned upside down and continued to INKÂRA every deed. The general incomprehension they put forward by basing their LIE claims; they were subjected to the so-called genocide in the 1915 TEHCİR event and were expelled from Anatolia. They are trying to fit their immigration to the USA into their alleged claims. I will try to explain the lies of the Armenians in chronological terms in the history of the United States even though it is a very long LIE. While conveying these to you, I will seek an answer to the point that needs to be emphasized and considered, the significance of the two rivals and even the enemy sovereign powers (USA-RUSSIA) not to engage in any conflict while continuing their activities on Armenians-Armenia ...
Here is the state that shelters a population of 1.540.000 Armenians and provides Armenia and Armenians with all kinds of material and moral support by using the Armenian DIASPORA as a tool ... Here is the United States of America and the Armenians.
Established in the rugged "mesas" and "canyons" of Colorado and New Mexico, eroded peublos and striking "cliff towns" are the settlements of the Anasazi (a word meaning "elders" in Novajo), one of the first peoples of North America. are areas.
B.C. In 500 BC, the Anasazi established some of the first significant villages in Northwest America, where they were hunted and grown maize, squash and beans. The Anasazi developed over the centuries, building advanced dams and irrigation networks, creating a successful and distinctive pottery tradition. They carved multi-room and complex settlements into the rocky faces of steep cliffs, which are among the most striking archaeological sites in the United States today. However, by 1300, the Anasazi left their settlements, leaving their pottery, tools, and even clothes behind, as if thinking of returning again, and they seemed to disappear in the depths of history. Their homeland remained empty for more than a century until new tribes such as the Navajos and Utes arrived, and later Spanish and other European settlers. The history of the Anasazi is closely tied to the beautiful but harsh locality they chose to live in. The first settlements, consisting of simple pit-houses dug in the ground, gradually turned into underground caves (kiva) where meetings and religious rituals were held. Later generations developed masonry techniques to make square stone pueblos; But the most striking change in the Anasazi way of life was their move, for still unknown reasons, to the astonishing, multi-storey settlements they carved on the steep slopes of the flat-topped mesas.
The Anasazi lived as a communal society that was slowly changing over the centuries. They traded with other peoples in the region. However, the evidence that they were fighting is sparse and over a long period of time. Although the Anasazi had religious leaders, other prominent figures, and master artists, there were hardly any social or class distinctions. Religious and social reasons undoubtedly played a role in the establishment and eventual abandonment of the cliff settlements; however, in an environment of worsening conditions, possible food supply efforts have been a major factor. As the population increased, farmers began to cultivate larger areas of shifts, so some communities had little land left, while others abandoned shifts and settled in the cliffs. Again, the Anasazi could not stop the loss of the fertility of the soil due to continuous use, and they could not endure the drought from time to time in the region. For example, it is understood from the examination of age circles in trees that the drought lasting 23 years from 1276 to 1299 caused the last Anasazi groups to leave the region. Although the Anasazi left their ancestral lands, they did not disappear completely. Their legacy lives in the stunning archaeological remains they left behind and their descendants, the Hopi, Zuni, and other Pueblo peoples. " ([one])
"The Europeans who first came to North America, or who have solid evidence of their arrival, were SCANDINAVES traveling west from Greenland, where Erik the Red established a settlement in 985." It is believed that his son Leif discovered the northeast coast of the region known today as CANADA in 1001 and spent a winter there.
1492 Cenovalı denizci Kritof Kolomb’un Atlantik Okyanus’u aşarak Amerika’ya ulaşması.
1497 Yeni Dünya ”ya gittiği seyahatlere yayınlanan büyük beğeniyle okunan İtalyan AMERİGO VESPUCCİ’ ye atfen Amerika adı verilen topraklarda Avrupalıların bildiklerine yeni katkılar yaptı. *
1497 İngiltere Kralı tarafından görevlendirilen Venedikli denizci JOHN CABOT, Newfoundland’a ayakbastı. *
1513 ABD kıtasına ilk keşiflerinden ilki JUAN PONCE de LEON öncülüğünde bir grup şimdiki Şimdiki St. Augustine kenti yakınların da Florida için karaya çıktı. *
1522 İspanyollar, Meksika’nın fethedilmesi üzerine Batı yarıküründeki konumlarını daha da güçlendirdiler. *
1522 İspanyollar güneyden yukarı yayılırken, bugünkü ABD’nin kuzey kesimi de Giovanni da Verrazano gibi seyyahlar sayesinde daha iyi tanınıyordu. *
1524 Fransızlar adına seyahat eden bir Floransalı olan Verrazano, Kuzey Carolina’da karayı ve Atlantik kıyısı boyunca kuzeye bugünkü New York limanının yukarısına geçti. *
1529 Labrador ’dan Tierra del Fuego’ ya kadar kopuş Atlantik kıyılarının güvenilir sürülebilir. *
1534 Fransız Jacques Cartier, kendinden önceki Avrupalılar gibi, Asya’ya giden geçidi bulmak umuduyla yola çıktı. *
1539 Peru'nun fethi sırasında Francisco Pizzaro'nun emrinde çalışmış olan Hernando de Soto adındaki savaş gazisinin düzenlediği sefer, İspanyol keşiflerinin en önemlileri arasında yer seyahat etme. De Soto grubu seferine Havana’da başladı. Florida’da karaya çıkıldı ve güneydoğu ABD’leri boyunca Mississippi nehrine kadar servet peşinde dolaşıldı. *
1540 İspanyol kâşifi olan Coronado, hayal ürünü Cibola’nın Yedi kentini aramak için Meksika dan hareket etti. Coronado, Grand Canyon ve Kansas’a kadar gitti. *
1540 Fransız Hügenotlar, ilk Quebec kolonilerinin dağılması. *
1560 Fransız Hügenotlar, ilk Quebec kolonileri, Florida’nın kuzey kıyılarında yerleşmeye teşebbüs ettiler. *
1565 Fransız Hügenotlar, ilk Quebec kolonileri tehlike olarak İspanyollar koloniyi yok ettiler. *
1566 İspanyol güçlerinin önderi olan Pedro Menendez, St. Augustine kentini kurdu. *
1570 Francis Drake'in İspanyol hazine gemilerine karşı gerçekleştirdiği yağma. *
1570 Beş kabile birleşerek, o günlerdeki en demokratik kuruluşu olan “Ho-De-No-Sau-Nee” yi ya da Iroquois Birliği’ni oluşturdular. *
1578 Humphrey Gilbert received a concession from Queen Elizabeth to colonize the "Lands of the Religion and Barbarians" in the New World. *
1583 The "Lost Colony" or "Roanoke Colony" arriving at Roanoke Island in North Carolina. ***
1585 Walter Raleigh establishes the first British colony in North America on Roanoke Island, off the coast of North Carolina. *
1586 While the United States of America was not in the middle yet, the first Turkish settlers to the continent were more than two hundred Turks brought to the British Colony Roanoke in North Carolina by Sir Francis Drake, and they were defined as Muslim Moors and Turks. **
1600 A huge wave of immigration started from Europe to North America. *
1607 The first colonies to America begin to arrive from England to Jamestown in Virginia. ***
1607 With the colony successfully established in Jamestow, “North America entered a new era. *
1607 Jamestown was the first British colony to hold up in North America. Based on a concession granted by King James I to the Virginia (or London) company, a group of about 100 people set sail for Chesapeake Bay. *
1609 Captain John Smith displayed a dominant personality. Despite conflict, hunger, and Indian attacks, he kept the small colony together for the first year thanks to his ability to exercise discipline. *
1609 John Smith returned to England in 1609, and in his absence the colony was in turmoil. *
Most of the colonists succumbed to the disease in the winter of 1609-1610. By May 1610, only 60 of the first 300 settlers had survived. *
1610 A little higher than the James River, the city of Henrico was founded. *
1612 A revolutionary development occurred in Virginia's economy. John Rolfe crossbred tobacco seeds imported from the West Indies with indigenous plants and produced a new strain that Europeans liked to smoke. *
1614 The first batch of a new type of tobacco reached London in 1614. The aforementioned tobacco became Virginia's main source of income within a decade. *
1614 However, well-being was not easily accessible and the death toll from diseases and Indian attacks remained extraordinarily high. From 1607 to 1624 approximately 14,000 people had immigrated to the colony; but in 1624 only 1,132 people were living there. In the same year, following the proposal of a royal commission, the King dissolved the Virginia Company and made it a royal colony. *
1617 Dutch settlers built a fortress in 1617 at the confluence of the Hudson and Mohawk rivers, where the city of Albany now stands. *
Records about 1618 ARMENIANS are started with "ARMENIAN Martin" who was brought to Jamestown Colony in Virginia. In the following decades, two more ARMENIANS are invited to America to try sericulture cultivation. ***
1618 With Magna Carta, they would have the rights recognized by customary law. The Virginia Company sent an instruction to the governor appointed by it that free settlers on large farms should be given the right to elect their Representatives to work with the governor and the appointed council to make decisions on the Colony's prosperity. **
1619 African slaves. The first blacks were brought to Virginia in 1619, just 12 years after Jamestown was founded. *
A segment of 1620 Leyden Puritans secured a land concession from the Virginia Company, and a group of 101 women, men, and children sailed to Virginia on the Mayflower ship. *
The first of the major Native American uprisings of 1622 occurred in Virginia, and 347 whites, including missionaries who had just arrived in Jamestown, were killed. *
1624 Settlement on the island of Manhattan began in the early 1620s. It was purchased from local Indians for $ 24. *
The arrival of a second colony from England to America on the 1627 Mayflower ship. ***
1630 A new wave of immigrants arrived in Massachusetts Bay, who had received a concession from King Charles to establish a colony. *
1630 Conservative Puritans, seeking more fertile lands and better opportunities, soon began to leave the barren Massachusetts Bay Colony. News of the productivity of the Connecticut River Valley attracted the attention of farmers who were having tough times in the land. Many were willing to risk an Indian attack in order to attain deep and rich soil in the plain. *
1630 The first of these huge mansions was established on the banks of the Hudson River. *
1632 The Calvert family received a concession from King Charles I in land north of the Potomac River, later known as Maryland. *
The 1635 concession to the Calvert family included a mix of feudal and contemporary elements. As a result, the number of independent farms increased, and the owners wanted to have a say in colonial matters. The first Maryland legislature convened. *
Roger Williams, who was expelled from the colony in 1636, bought land from the Narragansett Indians in what is now Providence Rhode Island in 1636. There he founded the first American colony where church and state were strictly separate and religious freedom was exercised. *
1636 Harvard University (College) is established in Cambridge, Massachusetts. *
The Battle of Pequot followed in 1637, which began as local tribes tried to block the Connecticut River settlement. *
1639 The first printing press in the British colonies and the second printing press in North America are installed at Harvard University. *
1640 The British had established powerful colonies on the New England coast and Chesapeake Bay. Between the two regions were the Dutch and the small Swedish community. Native Americans, namely Indians, lived in the West. *
1643 The colonies of Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, Connecticut, and New Haven form the New England Confederation to provide defensive measures partially ignored by England. *
1646 Although a wide variety of people lived in Pennsylvania, America's multilingual structure was most clearly seen in New York. Around the Hudson River lived the Dutch, French, Danes, Norwegians, Swedes, British, Scots, Irish, Bohemians, Portuguese and Italians, who were the forerunners of the millions to come. *
In 1647 Massachusetts Bay Colony, the "Great Deflector Devil" Act was enacted and it was mandatory to establish a university preparatory school (grammar school) in every town with more than 50 families. Soon, all other New England colonies, with the exception of Rhode Island, adopted this example. *
1647 There were several foundation schools in Virginia; Syms School was opened. *
1650 The colonies of Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia in the South were more rural in character, unlike New England and the middle colonies. XVII. YY. The economic and social structure of Virginia and Maryland in the late years was based on large farm owners and small farmers. *
1650 Maryland, in particular, suffered from the intense religious rivalry that affected England during Oliver Cromwell's reign. One of the losses was the repeal of the province's Tolerance Act in the 1650s. However, the law was soon reintroduced, and the religious freedom it guaranteed returned. *
1659 There were several foundation schools in Virginia; Eaton School is established. *
1660 King II. With the re-enthronement of Charles in 1660, the British became interested in North America again. Within a short time, the first European settlements were established in the Carolinas and the Dutch were expelled from New Netherland. *
1660 As the demand for workers on the large farms in the Southern colonies increased, the institution of slavery began to take root in the aforementioned places, and Africans were chained to America for life-long service against their will. *
1660 Most of the colonies eventually became royal colonies; but XVII. The British, dealing with the Civil War (1642-1649) and Oliver Cromwell's Puritan Society and Domination activities in the middle of the century, were not in a position to pursue an effective colonial policy. II. After the restoration of Charles and the Stuart dynasty in 1660, England had the opportunity to devote more time to colonial rule. Yet it was ineffective and unable to execute a concerted plan. Colonies were also generally left on their own. *
1661 approved new elections for the House of Burgesses. *
1664 When British colonists began encroaching Dutch territory on Long Island and Manhattan, the unpopular governor was unable to rally them for defense. New Netherland fell in 1664. *
1664 The Albemarle Strait, off the coast of what constitutes northern North Carolina today, was filled with settlers from Virginia beginning in the 1650s. The first governor of the settlement came in 1664. 1670 The first immigrants from New England and the Caribbean island of Barbados arrived in what is now Charleston, South Carolina. * With the Royal Declaration published in 1673, all the lands between Florida's Alleghenies region, the Mississippi River and Quebec in the west were reserved for Indians. Thus, the palace was attempting to abolish all claims of the 13 colonies on lands in the West and prevent the spread to the west. Although never effectively implemented, in the eyes of the Colonists, this measure meant an arbitrary disregard for their most basic rights that enabled them to occupy and settle lands in the West. * In 1675, who made peace with the pioneers for the first time in 1621, the chieftain's son Phillip tried to unite the New England tribes to prevent the Europeans from invading more Indian lands. * The Bacon Revolution broke out in 1675, the first major revolt against the king's powers in the Colonies. A conflict between the Settlers in Virginia and the Susquehannock Indians was the first spark; But soon, ordinary farmers faced the wealth and privilege of their owners and the Governor of Virginia, William Berkeley. * 1676 Bacon, opposing Berkeley's orders, launched an attack on the friendly Ocaneechee tribe and nearly destroyed the tribe. Returning to Jamestown in September 1676, he burned the city and forced Berkeley to flee. A large part of the state was now under Bacon. * 1680 Britain ceased to be the main source of immigrants. Thousands of immigrants, fleeing the war, moved away from continental Europe. * 1680 The first immigrants to New England brought their own library with them and continued to import books from London. Bookstores in Boston were selling books and literary works on many classics, history, politics, philosophy, science, and theology. * 1681 A Rich Quaker and II. William Penn, a friend of Charles, was given a vast land west of the Delaware River, which later became Pennsylvania. Penn gathered a large number of Protestant-Quaker, Mennonite, Amish, Moraviran and Baptist from England and the European continent to settle this land. When Penn arrived a year later, Dutch, Swedish, and English settlers were already living on the banks of the Delaware River. * 1683 Primary school was opened in Pennsylvania, and thereafter an institution that provided primary education in one form or another for children in every Quaker community. Today, at the Friends Puplic School serving in Philadelphia under the name of "William Penn Charter School", more advanced education was given in classical languages, history and literature. * 1685 Under the leadership of William Penn of Pennsylvania it worked flawlessly and grew rapidly. Its population reached 9,000. * 1685 In the 1670s, the Lords of Commerce and the Big Farm, a royal committee tasked with implementing the British trading system in the colonies, acted to invalidate the Massachusetts Bay concession as the colony resisted the government's economic policy. II in 1685. James accepted a proposal to create a New England Dominion and place the colonies of New Jersey and its south under his jurisdiction, thereby intensifying the Palace's control over the entire region. The royal governor, Sir Edmund Andros, imposed new taxes by a decree, took further drastic measures, and imprisoned those who opposed it. *
1690 America's population grew to a quarter of a million. *
The Declaration of Fundamental Rights of 1690 (the first ten annexes of the Constitution) and the Tolerance Act of 1689 reiterated Christians' freedom to worship and placed restrictions on the Palace's powers. Equally important, in his Second Treatise on Government, published in 1690, John Locke put forward the assumption that government is based on the convention, not divine Rights, and the people who have natural rights such as life, liberty, and property are against it if the government violates these natural rights. It was the assertion of the right to insurrection. *
1691 II. When news of the Glorious Revolution (1688-1689) that resulted in the deposition of James was heard in Boston, the people rose up and imprisoned Andros. Massachusetts and Plymouth were united for the first time as Massachusetts Bay royal colonies under a new concession. Other colonies placed under the New England Dominion soon reestablished their old governments. *
1692 In the town of Salem Village, Massachusetts, a group of young girls began having strange fainting spells after hearing tales told by a slave from the West Indies. When questioned, they accused several women of being witches and torturing themselves. The townspeople greeted the incident with horror but without surprise; because XVII. In the century, belief in witchcraft was widespread in America and Europe. *
Witchcraft trials in 1692 Salem Village captivated Americans for a long time. From a spiritual point of view, most historians admit that because of the true belief in the existence of witchcraft, the community in the town of Salem was on some sort of hysteria. According to them, even if some of the young girls have acted, adults who should be responsible have also fallen into this frenzy. *
1704 The first city in Albemarle, considered a distant region even today, was not established until a French Hügenot group arrived. *
1704 The colony's successful newspaper was published in Cambridge, Massachusetts. *
The roots of the university, which was established under the name of 1701 Collegiate School, goes back to the 1640s. First, the Connecticut College went into operation. The clergy, who wanted to train highly trained officials and priests, received permission to establish a school. In 1718, the name of the school was changed to Yale in response to donations made by Welsh Elihu Yale. The importance given to being literate and being prioritized by Puritans was emphasized. *
1730 Inland population growth in the southern colonies was substantial. German immigrants, and Scots and Irish, who did not want to live in the first settlements in the coastal areas where British influence was intense, spread to the interior. Those who could not obtain fertile land in the coastal region, or those whose land was running out of fertility, understood that the western hills were a rich shelter. Although the difficulties were immense, the arrival of restless settlers continued and they began to flock to Virginia's Shenandoah Valley. Soon the interior was filled with farms. *
1730 As a result of the welfare of the cities, fears that the devil was tricking society into pursuing material interests created a religious backlash known as the Great Awakening. The inspiration for this reaction came from two people: George Whitefield, a Wesley Order from England in 1739 and Jonathan Edwars, who originally served at the Congregational Church in Northampton, Massachusetts. Whitefield started the religious revival movement in Philadelphia and moved from there to New England. He captivated audiences, which at times reached 20,000 people, with his dramatic behavior, gestures, and emotional speech. Religious turmoil was widespread in New England and the middle colonies as the priests abandoned established churches and began to preach revival. *
1732 Settled in Georgia, the last of the 13 colonies established. Although not within the borders of Spanish Florida, this region, which is very close to it, was intended to act as a buffer against Spanish attacks. The colony had another unique quality. General James Oglethorpe, assigned to Georgia's fortifications, was a reformer and deliberately began to create a shelter for the poor and ex-prisoners with new opportunities. *
The case filed against Johann Peter Zenger, the owner of the New York Weekly Journal, which began to be published in New York in 1733 and represents the opposition to the government, constituted an important step towards the adoption of the principle of freedom of the press. *
1740 Samuel Adams of Massachusetts worked tirelessly for one goal: independence. After graduating from Harvard University, Adams held public positions such as chimney inspector, tax collector, and city council meeting manager. Confronted with constant failure in his business life, Adams was a talented and cunning politician who showed himself at New England City council meetings. *
Edwards was also among those affected by the 1741 Whitefield, and the Great Awakening culminated in his sermon on "Sinners in the Hand of an Angry God." Edwards did not resort to dramatic performances, and preached in a low voice and thoughtful manner. He emphasized that the established churches were trying to deprive Christianity of its emotional content. *
1745 XVII. YY. Pennsylvania's intellectual and cultural development was largely reflected in the dynamic personality of the two men: James Logan and Benjamin Franklin, the colony's secretary, with Logan's excellent library enabling young Franklin to find and read the latest scientific works. Logan built a building and donated both the building and his books to the city. *
1745 22 newspapers were published throughout the colonies. *
1750 More than 100,000 people lived in the colonies of North Carolina and South Carolina. *
In 1754, he traded fur with the British, and between 1754 and 1763 he joined them in their war against the French for dominance in America. The British might not have won the war without the support of the Iroquois League. *
1754 France maintained its strong position in North America until the Seven Years' War began. France had established strong relationships with many Native American tribes in Canada and around the Great Lakes, captured the Mississippi River and established a series of castles and trade centers, creating a crescent-shaped empire stretching from Quebec to New Orleans. As a result, the British were stuck in a narrow strip east of the Appalachian Mountains. France not only threatened the British Empire, but also posed a danger to the American colonists, to whom it was able to contain the Mississippi Valley and limit their spread to the west. *
1754 An armed clash broke out at Duquesne Castle in today's Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, between the French forces and the Virginia militia commanded by the 22-year-old George Washington, a Virginia rancher and land surveyor. *
1754 Major changes occurred in the attitude of the colonies due to the conflict with England. The local councils, which refused to give up even the slightest part of their autonomy and did not want to leave it to the organizations they chose, rejected the Albany Unity Plan in 1754. However, mutual assistance during the Revolution was effective, and fears of giving up individual authority were greatly diminished. *
With the Treaty of Paris in 1763, France left the Great Lakes and Upper Mississippi Valley to the British. The dream of a French Empire in North America was thus over. *
1764 It was the adoption of the Sugar Law in 1764, instead of the Molasses Law of 1733, which required a very high customs duty or tax from rum and molasses to be imported from regions not under British rule. With the aforementioned law, foreign originated rum import was prohibited; a low Customs duty was set for molasses from all sources; Customs were also introduced on wine, silk, coffee and many other luxury goods. It was hoped that as a result of the lowering of the customs tariff on molasses, attempting to bring molasses illegally from the Dutch and French West Indies for processing at rum factories in New England would be unattractive. Customs officials have been ordered to act more vigilantly and effectively to enforce the Sugar Law. British ships sailing in American waters were ordered to catch smugglers, and royal officers were given "search documents" that authorized them to search for buildings they suspected. *
1764 The British Parliament passed the "Money Act" to prevent debt papers issued in any of His Majesty's colonies from being considered legal proof of payment. The measure added a serious burden on the colonies' economy, as the colonies were a trade deficit region and were constantly short of cash. The Military Accommodation Act of 1765, which required the colonies to provide food and shelter to kingdom soldiers, created equally opposition. *
1765 Trade with the motherland declined sharply. The prominent people formed clandestine organizations called the "Sons of Liberty" that protested the Stamp Tax, often violently. The law was revoked from Massachusetts to South Carolina; angry groups forced the resignation of customs powers and destroyed the hateful stamps. *
In 1765, the Virginia House of Representatives, mobilized by Patrick Henry, passed a series of reprimands, claiming that taxation without representation posed a threat to the freedom of the Colonies. The House of Representatives declared that Virginians also had the same rights as the British and could therefore be taxed only by their representatives. On June 8, the Massachusetts Assembly called on all colonies to send representatives to the Stamp Law Congress, which was to meet in New York in October 1765. At the Congress, proposals to get rid of the King and the British Parliament would be discussed. The Congress, attended by twenty-seven representatives from the Nine Colonies, took advantage of this opportunity to form a column opposed to the involvement of the parliament in American affairs. After long discussions, the Congress passed a series of resolutions declaring that "no institution other than its own Assembly can nor can impose taxes in accordance with the constitution" and that the Stamp Law "is a clear tendency to violate the rights and freedoms of the colonists". *
1766 The British Parliament did not intend to accept the colonies' claims. By contrast, British traders affected by the American Boycott began to support a cancellation movement, and Parliament gave up in 1766, repealing the Stamp Act and amending the Sugar Act; but it adopted an Explanatory Law to placate the proponents of having a central power over the colonies. With this law, the Parliament was given the power to enact laws binding the colonies "on all issues". *
1767 A series of measures were taken that rekindled all disputes. British Finance Minister Charles Townshend was asked to prepare a new financial program. Aiming to reduce the tax burden of the British by collecting the pictures placed on the American trade more effectively, the Minister tightened customs control and supported the importation of paper, glass, lead and tea exported from England to the colonies. The so-called Townshend Laws were based on the view that pictures taken from goods imported by the colonies were legal, whereas internal taxes such as Stamp Duty were illegal. *
The presence of British soldiers in 1770 Boston constituted an open invitation to mayhem. On March 5, 1770, hostility between citizens and British soldiers turned into violence again. The harmless reaction that started with the snowballing of the British soldiers gradually turned into a mass attack. Someone ordered fire. As the smoke cleared, three Bostons were seen lying dead on the snow. The so-called "Boston Massacre" was raised as an example of British heartlessness and cruelty. *
1772 Adams had a "Communications Committee" elected at the Boston city council meeting to voice the colonists' rights and grievances. The Committee opposed the decision taken by the British to pay the salaries of the judges from customs revenues; because he feared that the judges would not depend on the parliament for their salaries and as a result they would not have to be held accountable to the parliament, thereby creating a "repressive form of government". The committee contacted other colonies on this matter and asked them to submit their responses. Committees were established in almost all the colonies, and the aforementioned committees provided the basis for effective revolution organization. Still, Adams had no reason to ignite the people. *
1773 England presented a striking opportunity to Adams and his allies. The powerful East India Company, in financial difficulties, appealed to the British Government, and the company was granted a monopoly on all tea exports to the colonies. *
On the night of December 16, 1773, men disguised as Mohawk Indians, headed by Samuel Adams, boarded three English ships anchored in Boston harbor and threw their tea into the sea. They used this route out of fear that the colonists would pay the customs fee and buy the tea if the property was unloaded. Adams and his fellow radicals doubted their countrymen's commitment to the principle of independence. *
1774 At the suggestion of the Virginia House of Representatives, representatives of the colonies met in Philadelphia on February 5, 1774, "to consult on the plight of the colonies." Delegates attending the meeting, known as the First Continental Congress, were elected by regional councils or at public meetings. Colonies outside Georgia sent at least one delegate. The number of delegates, 55 in total, was large enough to reflect various opinions, but small enough to engage in serious discussions and take effective decisions. *
1774 III. “The dice are rolled,” George dismissed a petition from the Quakers in Philadelphia. The colonies either rebel or triumph, ”he replied. The aforementioned behavior drove the Royalists, who were shocked and scared by the developments following the Laws of Coercion, into solitude. *
1775 America's population reached 2.5 million. *
Although he believes that the history of the American Revolution of 1775 began long before the first gun was fired in 1775, Britain and America did not begin to clearly separate from each other until 1763, more than a century and a half after the first permanent colony was established in the town of Jamestow in Virginia. The colonies made great progress in economic power and cultural achievements, and almost all of them had long years of self-management. In the 1760s, their total population had increased six times since 1700 and exceeded 1,500,000. *
General Thomas Gage, a friendly English charade and married to an American-born lady in 1775, commanded the garrison in Boston, where political activity almost entirely replaced commerce. Gage's main task in the colonies was to enforce the Laws of Coercion. Massachusetts colonists 32 km. Receiving the news that they were collecting gunpowder and military equipment in the distant city of Concord, Gage sent a powerful unit from the garrison to confiscate them. After the British soldiers sailed all night, they arrived in the village of Lexington on April 19, 1775, and in the morning mist, they encountered 70 armed colonists, called Minutemen (Dakikik), as they were said to be ready for battle within a minute.
As concerns over Lexington and Concord continued, the Second Continental Congress decided to go to war, put militias in the colonies into continental service, and appointed Colonel George Washington of Virginia as commander in chief of American forces. Meanwhile, Americans suffered heavy casualties on Bunker Hill, just near Boston. Congress also decided that American forces will march north towards Canada in the autumn. Although the Americans later captured Montreal, they did not succeed in the winter attack on Quebec and eventually retreated to New York. While the armed conflict had begun, some Members of Congress did not welcome the idea of leaving Britain altogether. In July, John Dickinson drafted a resolution known as the Olive Branch Petition, asking the King to prevent further violence until some kind of agreement is reached; but this petition was ignored and III. George issued a statement on 23 August 1775, declaring the colonies rebel. Britain expected the colonies in the South to remain loyal to him, in a way because they were committed to slavery. Many in the southern colonies feared that a revolt against the homeland would lead to a slave revolt against the big farm owners. Indeed, Lord Dunmore, Governor of Virginia, offered freedom to all slaves who would fight with the British in November 1775. In contrast, Dunmore's announcement resulted in many Virginians who would remain Royalists to side with the rebels. Josiah Martin, Governor of Nort Carolina, also forced the North Carolinas to remain loyal to the Palace. Although 1,500 responded positively to Martin's call, they were defeated by the revolutionary forces before British soldiers could come to their aid. British warships landed along the coast to Charleston, South Carolina, and opened fire on the city in June 1776; but the South Carolinas, who had time to prepare, repelled the British towards the end of the month. The British could not land in the South again until more than two years had passed. *
1776 Thomas Paine, the political theorist and writer who came to America from England in 1774, published a 50-page pamphlet called Common Sense in January 1776. Within three months, 100,000 copies of the leaflet were sold. Paine attacked the inherited notion of kingship and stated that even a single righteous man was more valuable to society than "all the crowned tyrants ever". The options, for him, were either constant submission to a tyrannical king and the weathered government, or to live happily as a self-sufficient and independent republic. Common Sense, distributed in all the colonies, helped materialize the desire to leave. It was a matter of getting approval from each colony to make an official statement. A resolution calling for separation was passed on May 10, 1776, exactly one year after the Second Continental Congress was convened. Only an official explanation was needed. On July 7, Richard Henry Lee of Virginia presented a draft resolution declaring that "the United Colonies are free and independent states and have the right to be". Immediately after this, a five-person committee was commissioned under the chairmanship of Thomas Jefferson of Virginia to prepare an official statement. *
1776 The STATEMENT OF INDEPENDENCE, which was largely Jefferson's work and adopted on July 4, 1776, not only explained the birth of a new nation, but also created a philosophy of human freedom that would constitute an effective force all over the world. Although the paper is based on the political philosophy of the French and British enlightenment, the influence of one work is particularly striking. John Locke's Second Examination of Government, Locke, took the concepts of British traditional rights and universalized them as the natural rights of people. In the paper, Jefferson made a direct connection between Locke's principles and the situation in the colonies. To fight for American independence was to fight for a government formed by the people's consent rather than the government of a king that "cooperates with others to subordinate us to a rule alien to our constitution and which our laws do not accept. Only a government established with the consent of the people could secure their natural right to life, freedom and enjoyment. Therefore, every person who fought for American independence was fighting for his natural rights. *
TO BE CONTINUED
SOURCE;
[1] http://www.usemb-ankara.org.tr/ABDAnaHatlar/Tarih.htm
* http: //www.usemb-ankara.org.tr/ABDAnaHatlar/Tarih.htm
** https: //www.turkishnews.com/tr/content/2017/02/23/abdye-ilk-yerlesen-turkler/
*** http: //100yil100gercek.com/gercek/kuzey-amerikada-ermeni-varligi-1618-yilina-kadar-uzanir/
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